Częstochowa, Poland

Public Procurement in Theory and Practice

Zamówienia publiczne w teorii i praktyce

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Public Procurement in Theory and Practice at UJD »
Definitions and quotes »

⇑Public Procurement in Theory and Practice at UJD

Language: Polish Studies in Polish

Subject area: economy and administration

University website: www.en.ujd.edu.pl

more on the website:
www.studiapodyplomowe.ujd.edu.pl/uploads/article/zamowienia-publiczne-w-teorii-i--6dcfbc7c49.pdf

⇑Definitions and quotes

Procurement

Procurement is the process of finding, agreeing terms and acquiring goods, services or works from an external source, often via a tendering or competitive bidding process. The process is used to ensure the buyer receives goods, services or works at the best possible price, when aspects such as quality, quantity, time, and location are compared. Corporations and public bodies often define processes intended to promote fair and open competition for their business while minimizing risk, such as exposure to fraud and collusion.

Wikipedia

Public

In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the Öffentlichkeit or public sphere. The concept of a public has also been defined in political science, psychology, marketing, and advertising. In public relations and communication science, it is one of the more ambiguous concepts in the field. Although it has definitions in the theory of the field that have been formulated from the early 20th century onwards, it has suffered in more recent years from being blurred, as a result of conflation of the idea of a public with the notions of audience, market segment, community, constituency, and stakeholder.

Wikipedia

Theory

A theory is a contemplative and rational type of abstract or generalizing thinking, or the results of such thinking. Depending on the context, the results might, for example, include generalized explanations of how nature works. The word has its roots in ancient Greek, but in modern use it has taken on several related meanings.

Wikipedia

Theory

The successful development of science requires a proper balance between the method of building up from observations and the method of deducing by pure reasoning from speculative assumptions...

Paul Dirac, “Physical Science and Philosophy”, Nature (1937) Vol. 139, p. 1001.

Wikiquote

Theory

Their ideas seemed to him fruitful when he was reading or was himself seeking arguments to refute other theories, especially those of the materialists; but as soon as he began to read or sought for himself a solution of problems, the same thing always happened. As long as he followed the fixed definition of obscure words such as spirit, will, freedom, essence, purposely letting himself go into the snare of words the philosophers set for him, he seemed to comprehend something. But he had only to forget the artificial train of reasoning, and to turn from life itself to what had satisfied him while thinking in accordance with the fixed definitions, and all this artificial edifice fell to pieces at once like a house of cards, and it became clear that the edifice had been built up out of those transposed words, apart from anything in life.

Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina (1873-1877), Tr. C. Garnett (New York: 2003), Part 8, Chapter 9, p. 728

Wikiquote

Theory

Never call yourself a philosopher, nor talk a great deal among the unlearned about theorems, but act conformably to them.

Epictetus, Enchiridion, 46

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more on the website:
www.studiapodyplomowe.ujd.edu.pl/uploads/article/zamowienia-publiczne-w-teorii-i--6dcfbc7c49.pdf